Pinealon

Early human Neuroprotection In 1 protocol 2 sources

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) designed to act as a peptide bioregulator for the brain and central nervous system. Research suggests it interacts directly with DNA to regulate gene expression, offering neuroprotective effects, improving cognitive function, and reducing oxidative stress in brain cells.

01Dosing reference

Amount

1-2 mg per day (SubQ) or 10-20 mg per day (Oral)

Frequency

Once daily

Cycle

10-20 days, repeated 2-3 times a year

Reference figures, not a recommendationThese values reflect amounts described in the literature and vendor documentation this database indexes. Use the reconstitution calculator to convert them into syringe units.

02Mechanism of action

Nuclear Penetration and DNA Binding

Pinealon enters the cell nucleus and binds to specific promoter regions of DNA in neurons.

Gene Expression Modulation

It stimulates the transcription of specific genes, leading to increased synthesis of proteins essential for neuronal function and repair.

Neuroprotection and Functional Restoration

This enhanced cellular metabolism reduces oxidative stress, prevents apoptosis, and improves overall cognitive and behavioral functions.

03Human evidence

Improvement in cognitive function and memory in elderly patients and those with brain injuries.

Clinical observations in Russia involved patients with traumatic brain injury or age-related cognitive decline, showing enhanced memory, attention, and sleep quality, though these often lack large-scale Western trial designs.

Reduction in symptoms of asthenia and chronic fatigue.

Patients reported decreased fatigue and improved overall well-being and mental stamina following Pinealon administration.

04Preclinical evidence

Protection against oxidative stress and prevention of neuronal apoptosis.

In vitro studies on neuronal cultures demonstrated that Pinealon significantly reduced cell death when exposed to toxins, hypoxia, or oxidative stress.

Restoration of behavioral metrics and circadian rhythms in aged models.

Animal models of aging showed that Pinealon administration improved behavioral performance and normalized melatonin-related pathways.

05What is known vs. unknown

Reasonably established

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide consisting of Glutamic acid, Aspartic acid, and Arginine (Glu-Asp-Arg).
It functions as a peptide bioregulator specifically targeting the brain and central nervous system.
Demonstrates significant neuroprotective and antioxidant properties in preclinical models.
Used primarily in Eastern Europe for treating cognitive decline, brain trauma, and asthenia.

Unknowns & limits

Lack of large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials in Western populations.
Long-term safety and efficacy data over extended periods of use are limited.
The exact molecular targets and full spectrum of genes influenced by Pinealon are still being elucidated.

06Safety & regulatory context

Regulatory statusPinealon is generally considered safe in the context of its use as a dietary supplement or bioregulator in Russia and neighboring countries, with very few reported side effects. However, it is not FDA-approved for the treatment, prevention, or cure of any medical condition in the United States or Europe. It is typically sold as a research chemical or dietary supplement. Potential side effects are rare but could include mild injection site reactions if administered subcutaneously, or mild gastrointestinal upset if taken orally.

07Compared with Cortexin

Pinealon vs. Cortexin

Key difference

Pinealon is a short, synthesized tripeptide (3 amino acids), whereas Cortexin is a complex, naturally derived mixture of peptides extracted from the cerebral cortex of pigs or cattle.

When researchers discuss each

Pinealon is discussed when looking for targeted, synthetic gene-regulating peptides for brain health with a known structure, while Cortexin is discussed in the context of broader, naturally derived neurotrophic support.

08Appears in protocols

🌙 Pinealon Sleep & Cognitive Support

5 mg (10 units)Once daily for 10 consecutive days

09Glossary

Peptide Bioregulator

A substance that helps regulate and normalize biological processes at the cellular level, often by influencing gene expression and protein synthesis.

Tripeptide

A small molecule consisting of exactly three amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

Asthenia

A medical term for a condition characterized by abnormal physical weakness, lack of energy, or chronic fatigue.

10Knowledge check

Q1What is the primary mechanism of action proposed for Pinealon?

Q2Which amino acids make up the Pinealon tripeptide?

Q3Which statement best describes a documented limitation of the human evidence for Pinealon?

Q4According to the dossier's comparison, what is the primary difference between Pinealon and Cortexin?

Q5Which statement best reflects Pinealon's regulatory and safety context as described in the dossier?

11Sources

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Cerebrolysin

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Cerebrolysin is a complex mixture of low-molecular-weight peptides and amino acids derived from purified porcine brain tissue. Research indicates it mimics the action of endogenous neurotrophic factors, promoting neuroprotection, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. It has been extensively studied and utilized in clinical settings for stroke recovery, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease.

5-50 mL per day depending on the severity of the condition (e.g., 5 mL IM for mild cognitive issues, up to 50 mL IV for acute stroke)

ARA-290 (Cibinetide)

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ARA-290, also known as Cibinetide, is an engineered peptide derived from erythropoietin (EPO) that selectively activates the innate repair receptor (IRR) without stimulating red blood cell production. Research has primarily focused on its potential to reduce inflammation, promote tissue repair, and alleviate neuropathic pain, particularly in conditions like sarcoidosis and diabetic neuropathy.

4 mg/day

Vitamin B12 (Injectable Methylcobalamin)

Neuroprotection

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Methylcobalamin is the active, coenzyme form of Vitamin B12 that is essential for cell growth, blood formation, and neurological function. Research shows it plays a critical role in DNA synthesis and myelin formation, making it a highly effective treatment for B12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, and various neuropathies.

1000 - 5000 mcg per injection

Research and educational use onlyNothing on this site is medical advice, a prescription, or a recommendation for human use. Compounds documented here are research chemicals. Consult a qualified clinician before making any health decision.